Rare earth elements play a significant role in various fields, especially in the development of advanced lighting technologies. In recent years, research on rare earth-based phosphors for LED applications has made remarkable progress, with these materials being considered as potential next-generation illumination sources. Let's explore the latest developments and innovations in rare earth luminescent materials for LEDs.
LEDs have become the leading choice for solid-state lighting due to their high efficiency, energy savings, and environmental benefits. Over the past decade, they have largely replaced traditional incandescent and fluorescent lamps, becoming a key player in modern lighting solutions. Central to the performance of LEDs are phosphors, which convert the blue or ultraviolet light emitted by the LED chip into white light. The quality of this conversion significantly affects critical parameters like color rendering index, color temperature, and overall efficiency. Therefore, developing phosphors with high efficiency and excellent thermal stability is a major focus for researchers.
A team from the Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has made groundbreaking progress in this area. They developed a novel Ba9Lu2Si6O24:Ce³⺠silicate cyan phosphor, which exhibits an impressive fluorescence quantum efficiency of 94% at 160°C, demonstrating exceptional thermal stability. This innovation earned them a national invention patent and was published in *Advanced Optical Materials*.
Building on this, the team used Tb³âº-Tb³⺠quantum tailoring and resonance energy transfer techniques to create a green phosphor with a luminous efficiency of up to 144%, achieving visible quantum clipping. They also observed unusual emission from Eu²⺠ions and traced its origin using low-temperature spectroscopy. By co-doping Ce³âº, Eu²âº, and Mn²âº, they successfully generated single white light. These findings were patented and published in journals such as *The Journal of Physical Chemistry C* and *Materials Research Bulletin*.
More recently, the team conducted a comprehensive study on the luminescence properties of Ba9Lu2Si6O24-based cyan phosphors, combining theoretical calculations with experimental analysis. Through process optimization, they achieved an internal quantum efficiency of 90%, with minimal light decay (less than 10%) after 1,600 hours under 85°C/85% RH conditions. When paired with red phosphors, this material enabled the production of white light with a color rendering index above 90 on NUV chips. Their work also introduced a new method for calculating band gaps in wide-bandgap inorganic materials, revealing that both thermal effects and phonon interactions contribute to luminescence quenching. These results were published in *Journal of Materials Chemistry C*.
In addition, the team improved the steady-state fluorescence quantum efficiency of Gd₃Alâ‚‚Ga₃Oâ‚â‚‚:Ce³⺠yellow afterglow phosphor to 82%, offering a promising solution to the stroboscopic issues in AC LEDs. Several of their findings have been patented, with some results appearing in *Chemical Communications*.
This research has been supported by several funding bodies, including the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Zhejiang Public Welfare Technology Fund, and the Ningbo Natural Science Foundation.
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